+ General Considerations
- OSA and CSA are the most common scapular tumors
- Scapular OSA had a similar biologic behaviour to appendicular OSA
- Telangiectatic OSA of the scapula is associated with the highest rate of metastasis
- Diagnosis: survey radiographs ± CT
- 90% of the scapula can be excised with good to excellent function
+ Treatment
- Partial or total scapulectomy
- Lateral recumbency with affected thoracic limb uppermost
- Lateral approach to spine of scapula
- Trapezius, omotransversarius and rhomboideus muscles dissected close to their origins on the scapula
- Acromial and spinous heads of deltoideus dissected close to their origins on the scapula
- Deep dissection started dorsally with lateral retraction of scapula and elevation of serratus ventralis muscle
- Brachial plexus and axillary artery and vein identified and preserved
- Coracobrachialis, teres minor, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and subscapularis tendons are transected at the humerus
- Teres major and long head of the triceps muscles separated from their insertions on the caudal scapula
- Osteotomy of glenoid tubercle performed to preserve tendon of origin of the biceps brachialis
- Scapula removed with attached infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and subscapularis muscles
- Postoperative chemotherapy is recommended for dogs with scapular OSA